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Calculating the Score
If you have applied for credit in the past, no doubt you will be familiar with the term ‘credit scoring’. You probably know that it has something to do with your credit report, but did you know that there is a real science to it and the score more or less determines the outcome as to whether you will be approved for credit?
Basically, when you apply for credit, the organisation you approach for the credit will check out your financial history and any current commitments to see what sort of financial risk you are and whether you will be able to financially afford your repayments.
This information is contained in your credit file. Your credit file is held by a credit reference agency – of which there are two main ones, Equifax and Experian – and the proposed creditor will credit score your information to see if you meet their lending criteria.
Your credit score can range from 300 to 900 and will help a lender make their decision as whether to lend to you. Generally, 15% of the score relates to how long you have had credit. The longer the period of time that you have had credit, the more of a payment history you will have.
35% is based on your payment history. This looks at whether you pay your bills on time; how many payments you have missed etc. An important point to remember is that if you have missed or made late payments recently, it will affect your scoring more negatively than if it was back in the past.
If you have had lots of inquiries on your report, this will also have an adverse affect. 10% of your scoring is based on inquiries and if you have made lots of credit applications, then it will look like you are in some kind of financial trouble.
10% of your scoring also relates to current lending where your current credit accounts are looked at. This is particularly useful if the rest of your file does not hold much information. There is no wrong or right amount of accounts to have.
Finally, 30% of the score is based on your outstanding debt. A prospective lender needs to know that you can meet your monthly repayments comfortably as well as making sure that you aren’t under financial pressure. Keeping all your card balances at less than 25% or less of their limit will help your score.
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